What is CVE-2025-2783?
CVE-2025-2783 is a high-severity security flaw in Google Chrome, specifically affecting the Mojo component on Windows systems. Mojo is a collection of runtime libraries that facilitate inter-process communication (IPC) across platforms. This vulnerability arises from an “incorrect handle provided in unspecified circumstances” (as described in the advisory), allowing remote attackers to escape Chrome’s sandbox protections via a malicious file. This flaw was actively exploited in the wild as part of a cyber-espionage campaign dubbed “Operation ForumTroll,” which targeted media professionals, educational institutions, and government agencies.
When Was the Vulnerability Discovered?
Researchers Boris Larin and Igor Kuznetsov from Kaspersky discovered this vulnerability and reported it to Google on March 20, 2025. Google acknowledged the issue and released a patch on March 25, 2025 in Chrome version 134.0.6998.177. Armis CentrixTM for Early Warning, added AI intelligence that collected and analyzed the context of the threat actor conversations regarding this vulnerability to the early warning list on January 11, 2025, immediately protecting our customers from this threat. In contrast, CISA added CVE-2025-2783 to their KEV catalog on March 27, 2025, making Armis CentrixTM for Early Warning early by 75 days.
Significance CVE-2025-2783:
Vulnerable component: the flaw resides in Mojo, Chrome’s IPC framework. Due to a logical error at the intersection of Chrome’s sandbox and the Windows operating system, an incorrect handle is provided under certain conditions, leading to the sandbox escape.
Exploitation scenario: attackers exploited this vulnerability through phishing emails containing links to malicious websites. When victims opened these links in Chrome, the exploit allowed malware installation without further user interaction. One known campaign leveraging CVE-2025-2783, dubbed “Operation ForumTroll,” primarily targeted media professionals, educational institutions, and government agencies.
Impact and blast radius: by bypassing Chrome’s sandbox – a security mechanism isolating web content from the operating system – attackers could execute arbitrary code on the host system. This breach enabled unauthorized access to sensitive data, system control, and potential lateral movement within networks. The attacks were highly targeted, focusing on specific sectors and organizations.
Value of Timely Awareness: fast detection and proactive action are essential in reducing the risks associated with such vulnerabilities. Although we are discussing a very targeted campaign, early identification enables users and organizations to implement protective measures, update systems, and apply patches before extensive exploitation can occur.
Mitigation and Protection:
Proactive defense and workarounds: it is critical to update your Chrome browser to version 134.0.6998.177 or later if it is vulnerable. This version contains a patch for this vulnerability. Additionally, exercise caution with unsolicited emails, particularly those that include links or attachments. Always verify the sender’s identity before interacting with the email. Finally, use reputable antivirus and anti-malware software to detect and block potential threats.
Continuous monitoring and updates: organizations can mitigate the threat posed by CVE-2025-2783 and maintain their network security posture by understanding the risks and implementing protective measures, including regularly updating all software, especially web browsers and operating systems, to protect against known vulnerabilities; continuously monitoring for signs of compromise or unusual behavior; and following security advisories from trusted sources to stay informed about emerging threats and recommended actions.
Stay vigilant and ensure your systems are up-to-date to defend against evolving cybersecurity threats.
Armis Centrix™ for Early Warning is the proactive cybersecurity solution designed to empower organizations with early warning intelligence to anticipate and mitigate cyber risk effectively. By leveraging AI-driven actionable intelligence, Armis Centrix™ provides insights into the vulnerabilities that threat actors are exploiting in the wild or are about to weaponize, allowing organizations to understand their impact and take preemptive action.
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